Dense shock absorbing closed cell foam designed with high wither relief. 4 holes for breathing/air movement down the spine 20" long down spine but 22" long on both sides because it is cut forward at shoulders on both sides. Approx 9" drop at front and 11" across the back area where panels sit. Easy to cut down for smaller saddles with shears or box cutter. This pad is designed to give a saddle more lift up off the horses back (more clearance between horse and saddles) Ideal for a situation where saddle fits balanced but too close to spine, or needs more cushioning